Advertisers have used this as strategic tactic for years when they target people who have chronic pain, depression, or some other particular condition that results in perceived disorder in their lives. References Rawls, J. The truth of the matter is that we live in a mobile society, and those individuals without the capability of being mobile are at a rather complete disadvantage to those parts of society that have the disposable income to weather such events as a utilitarian essays in gas prices. Utilitarianism offers what is perhaps the most sound ethical theory due to the way it chooses for itself the goal of its efforts, but it is hampered by disagreement regarding the utilitarian essays execution of the theory, utilitarian essays. References Begley, A. In Principles of Biomedical Ethics 5th ed, utilitarian essays.
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Utilitarian Ethics Business Ethics Case of the Sole emaining Supplier elevant stakeholders Internal stakeholders External stakeholders Utilitarian ethics: Utilitarian essays plan Desired aims Specific Actions aising the quality control standards Develop elaborate Standard installation and operation procedures SIOP ight of revoking supply contract unilaterally in case of non-compliance to SIOP Optimal good achieved Case of the Sole emaining Supplier The case of 'sole remaining supplier' is regarding a firm that manufactures heart pacemakers. The pacemaker is a modern device that is used by the heart patients who have a medical problem of skipping heart beats, utilitarian essays. If regular heart beat averagely after each 1, utilitarian essays. In its earliest years of invention, patients solely depended upon pacemaker whereas their own heart normal heartbeat was suspended.
There were serious reservation in public, doctors, and the supplier company as to the…. References Driver, J. Edward N. Zalta ed, utilitarian essays. Retrieved from:. Fries, R. Reliable design of medical devices. CRC Press. Haider, S. Validation Standard Operating Procedures: A Step-by-Step Guide for Achieving Compliance in the Pharmaceutical, utilitarian essays, Medical Device, and Biotech Industries. Task Force. Doing what counts for patient safety: Federal actions to reduce medical errors and their impact. Washington: Quality Interagency Coordination Task Force.
However, utilitarian essays, whereas the strict rule utilitarian global conservationist would prohibit jet travel completely, the act utilitarian would certainly consider the corresponding purpose or value of any use of jet power. The act utilitarian would weigh the respective concerns and determine whether or not the proposed benefit or the total amount of "good" associated with the act outweighs the admitted cost in additional damage to the global environment. That analysis could apply to individual acts such as with respect to the specific purpose of each proposed flight ; or it could apply more generally, such utilitarian essays with respect to the type of travel.
Under that analysis, purely recreational travel might be prohibited, but certain kinds of commercial travel might be permissible because they are considered beneficial to the human community such as fast mail delivery service. Utilitarian essays Ethical Issues Associated with Contemporary Global Warming and Conservation: Some form of flexible utilitarian essays utilitarianism…. Utilitarian or Retributivist Death penalty, the capital punishment, was called by Brennan as an utilitarian essays murder" because utilitarian essays the main fact that it takes life as a form of providing justice to extreme crimes committed by criminals, an "eye for an eye punishment" as others may say. Justice Brennan, a utilitarian, is against the capital punishment because he believes that death penalty is not reasonable to pay for a crime.
This is perhaps because of his personal belief in morality that no human has the right to take away another human's life; that even the worst crime cannot be recompensed by the criminal's life. Brennan even argues that the death of a hundred of people is no worse than the death of one. Justice Brennan believes in punishment but not to death penalty. In his view, utilitarian essays, punishment is only proper to those who are guilty, but death penalty would be…. Utilitarian and Deontological Considerations Today, many places of work require their employees to adhere to a prescribed dress code.
In basic terms, a dress code is essentially a guide on what employees should or should not wear to work. In this utilitarian essays, I concern myself with utilitarian and deontological considerations in relation to dress code regulations in the workplace. Workplace Utilitarian essays Code egulations: Utilitarian and Deontological Considerations In an attempt to design an appropriate image for their companies, utilitarian essays, employers routinely demand that employees adhere to a prescribed dress code, utilitarian essays. For instance, Company A could demand that all its male employees be dressed in a business suit and a tie. On the other hand, Company B. may take a less relaxed approach to dressing and allow its employees to report for work dressed in what is often referred to as 'business casual' wear.
Although setting a dress code could help a…. References Bredeson, D. Applied Business Ethics. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Brooks, L. Carroll, A. Corrigan, R. Ethics: A University Guide. Gloucester: Progressive Frontiers Press. not committed a crime-- an innocent person. Similarly, it might happen. that the general welfare is promoted by punishing people excessively -- a greater punishment might have a greater deterrent effect. But both of these are, on their face. violations of justice, which Retributivism would never allow. In the case of lying, utilitarian essays, there is an inherent danger that establishing an acceptance of divergence from truth as a moral norm under the pretense that such lying is geared toward sustenance of happiness could open the floodgates for the spectrum of interpretations as to how such happiness may be optimally attained.
Herein lay the promise of a breakdown in social order about which Kant initially warns. Mill's rule of exception, which allows that lying is wrong only 'in general,' is one founded on the intent to disestablish…. Works Cited Albot, Phillip, utilitarian essays. Two Senses of 'Right. html Kant, utilitarian essays, I. Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, utilitarian essays. Jonathan Bennett Rachels, James. The Utilitarian Approach. The Elements of Moral Philosophy, pg. New York: McGraw Hill. Rachels, James. Kant and Respect for Persons.
To the terrorist in the act his or her life has no value. From their stand point the plane had to crash in a populated place causing maximum damage and consequently utilitarian essays. The passengers of the plane have a right to travel safe and be considered in an action that would take their lives and if an utilitarian essays was available to destroy the terrorists but save their lives that would be the best alternative. However such an alternative is ruled out in this case. The second is to shoot down the plane, utilitarian essays, thus killing the passengers, terrorists and seeing utilitarian essays it that the plane crashed with minimal damage to the city below.
In other utilitarian essays protect the key installations that the terrorists tried to destroy with the act. The questions then are threefold: 1. Does taking actions like shooting down planes that deviate from flight plans make it possible to…. The virtue ethics supporter would know that harming innocent animals and people is wrong and that that kind of behavior does not make a good world. Aristotle believed that the one of the biggest and most important aspects of virtue ethics was reasoning.
If one is to take time to reason about the situation with the make-up company, she is to know that one cannot allow animals and people to suffer and die in order to make glow-in-the-dark make-up. As a virtue ethical supporter, the Vice President would understand that values are determined mainly by common sense. The people in the company do matter, but when it comes to utilitarian essays of any sort, whether utilitarian, Kantian, or virtue ethical theories, the people in the company are the last people who should be thought of. Under utilitarian theories, one might consider how not doing the testing will affect the company loss…. For instance, if people fear going to hospitals, this is not a good thing, an ancillary result of the forced transplants.
Therefore agent relativity such as Dr. Tooley's above becomes necessary. In this case, the philosopher compares the world with the transplant and without the transplant. Since it could be argued that the world might be worse with the transplants for example, the reason stated abovethen a utilitarian consequentialist using agent relativity could justify that their refusal to utilitarian essays the donor to harvest the organs and letting the five patients die would be just "Consequentialism," Although not addressed in this author's research on the topic, it would seem the above arguments with regard to the use of agent relativity might allow the forcible removal of a kidney or a lobe of the liver, since the possibilities of health complications are small for the donor, utilitarian essays.
To recap, this author…. Works Cited Consequentialism. Stanford encylopedia of philosophy. Retrieved March 12,from. Branches of classical utilitarianism utilitarian essays 'Ideal utilitarianism'; act and rule utilitarianism where rules are involved ; two-level utilitarianism that differentiates between act and rule ; and preference utilitarianism where the actual act of choosing depends on the preferences of the individual, utilitarian essays. Still other strands include Negative Utilitarianism that focuses on what not to do ; and motive utilitarianism where acts are chosen according to those which give the greatest deal of felicity. A recent case in the news perfectly showcases the principle of utilitarian ethics in practice.
The Elements of Moral Philosophy. McGraw-Hill Higher Education Hu, utilitarian essays, J Yahoo denies family access to dead marine's e-mail. Human ights Violations in the Workplace Utilitarian Theory and Human ights Violations of human rights: Firing a teacher for having IVF treatment at a Catholic school The basic tenant of utilitarian theory is that policies should attempt to maximize 'the good' for the greatest number of people. It is a theory based upon the principle of maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain for the majority. Upholding human rights includes minority as well as majority rights. Sometimes individual vs. utilitarian theory can be in conflict; however, at other times the philosophy can support human rights. One of the most fundamental human rights is the right to religious liberty.
According to Article 2 of the Universal Declaration of Human ights, "Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, utilitarian essays, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social…. References Catholic school teacher fired for having in vitro, utilitarian essays.
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Another form of utilitarianism would be rule utilitarianism. This moral standard suggest that an action is right if it follows a specific rule that has been structured and validated while keeping the principle of utility in mind. A rule utilitarian would not concern themselves with the utility of specific or individual cases, but would follow a set of particular rules. One would not have to go through the process of calculations involved in determining maximum utility, but a particular rule would have already addressed the specific issue. Once a rule is created, it is used to determine whether a particular action is right. Overall, in my opinion, I would by no means follow any form of Utilitarianism.
For me, the value lies in the individual human life and not on the success or happiness of the entire group. Human life in itself has intrinsic value. An action should not occur based on overall happiness of those involved, but should occur because it is our duty to have compassion for every individual human life and should strive to preserve that life whenever possible. As opposed to the consequential viewpoint, the deontology perspective states the morality is based upon following duty, instead of basing decisions solely on consequences.
We simply have to understand what our moral duties are and what rules may exist in the process of following such a duty. Duties and obligations must be determined objectively and absolutely, but not subjectively. For Kant, consequences of an action are morally irrelevant. This would be the direct opposite approach of the utilitarian who bases their decisions on consequences. In addition, according to Kant, an action is right when it follows a rule that satisfies a principle he terms categorical imperative. You could have stated that whenever you are in certain circumstances, you will have the abortion, but when other such circumstances exist, you will not. Such a rule is termed a maxim.
The maxims in such cases are personal or subjective, but are candidates for moral rules. If they pass through the screening of categorical imperative, the action can be deemed right. Once a maxim passes the screening, they cease to merely be personal or subjective, but gain status as objective rules of morality that can apply to everyone. A categorical imperative describes what should be done without reference to any consequences. Kant goes on to state that we should always act as to treat humanity, either yourself or others, always as an end and never only as a means. Kant believes that every rational creature has worth in itself.
This is another direct opposition to utilitarianism, in that utilitarianism seek to bring happiness to the masses, taking away from any value on an individual. Such worth of the individual is inherent based on the fact of possessing rationality. Kant separated duties into two categories; perfect and imperfect. A perfect duty is one we must always observe, while imperfect duty is one we must observe only in certain situations. A perfect duty exists not to injure someone, but an imperfect duty exists to show love and compassion. However, a utilitarian finds right in actions that produce the most amount of happiness.
To some degree, I would consider myself a Kantian, but not in entirety. However, Ross rejects aspects of both utilitarianism and of Kant. Ross believes that it is important to take consequences into consideration when making a decision, but they should never be the sole reason behind an action. Consequences alone would not yield a right action. Ross believes that our moral intuitions can supply us with general moral rules. In situations like this, moral intuition can take effect. Ross rejects the idea that absolute, invariant moral rules can exist.
I have a hard time being able to completely follow an organized rule. All rules will have exceptions and conflicts. In such cases, the other two theories describe things as always being able to be justified through rules, without exception. However, in my opinion, one must rely on his moral intuition to determine the right to do in some cases. For example, there is an issue regarding whether abortion should be considered murder or not. If considered murder, abortion would be deemed wrong. In my opinion, no matter how many fact were stated or reviewed, there is no clear cut way of determining whether murder is involved or not. One must intuit that there is indeed murder or not.
Using my moral intuition I view abortion as being murder and would categorize myself as being pro-life. In regards to embyronic stem cell research, the issue of whether or not an embryo should hold the same rights as any human being exists. However, there are no rules that one could discuss or review in determining the status of the embryo. I believe I was about nine years old when I heard that statement for the first time. It was in church. It was one of those things that I randomly chose to hear while sitting in church every Sunday. Normally anything that was said in that building never made sense to me and I never had any use for retaining it. This time however something did make sense to me. Utilitarianism This was written in responce to the following questions: What is the principle of utility?
Do you regard it as an adequate basis for judging the progress of society or the desirability of different social institutions? What are its virtues and limitations? How would a utilitarian aproach to judging society differ from a more traditional moral approach? Utilitarianism There are many essays, papers and books written on the concept of right and wrong. Philosophers have theorized about moral actions for eons, one such philosopher is John Stuart Mill. In his book Utilitarianism he tries to improve on the theories of utilitarianism from previous philosophers, as he is a strong believer himself in the theory.
In Mill's book he presents the ideology that there is another branch on the utilitarian tree. This branch being called rule-utilitarianism. Home Page Utilitarianism. Free Utilitarianism Essays and Papers. Sort By: Most Relevant Highest Grade. Satisfactory Essays. Page 1 of 50 - About essays. Good Essays. Utilitarianism Words 2 Pages. Utilitarianism Words 3 Pages. Utilitarianism Words 4 Pages. Better Essays. Popular Topics. Utility Utilization Utilizing Utopia Utopian Fiction Utopian School Utopian Society V-Chip V. Illinois V. Ogden V.
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